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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">lowmgou</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Московский юридический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Moscow Juridical Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2949-5091</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-513X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>State University of Education</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18384/2949-513X-2026-1-41-47</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">lowmgou-1400</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПУБЛИЧНО-ПРАВОВЫЕ (ГОСУДАРСТВЕННО-ПРАВОВЫЕ) НАУКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PUBLIC LAW (STATE LAW) SCIENCES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Совершенствование отечественного субинститута признания гражданином Российской Федерации с учётом опыта Испании</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Improvement of the Domestic Sub-Institute of Recognition as a Citizen of the Russian Federation Considering the Experience of Spain</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вениаминова</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Veniaminova</surname><given-names>M. W.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вениаминова Мария Вальтеровна – старший преподаватель кафедры конституционного и гражданского права юридического факультета</p><p>г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maria W. Veniaminova – Senior Lecturer, Constitutional and Civil Law Department, Law Faculty</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">maria.veniaminova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Государственный университет просвещения</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State University of Education</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>05</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>41</fpage><lpage>47</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Вениаминова М.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Вениаминова М.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Veniaminova M.W.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.lawmgoujournal.ru/jour/article/view/1400">https://www.lawmgoujournal.ru/jour/article/view/1400</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель. Анализ испанского опыта регулирования субинститута обладания статусом с целью совершенствования отечественного института гражданства, в частности его субинститута признания гражданином РФ.Процедура и методы. Ключевым исследовательским методом стал формально-юридический метод, позволивший автору проанализировать нормы о гражданстве, закреплённые в нормативных правовых актах Испании на языке оригинала. Использование сравнительно-правового метода позволило автору сопоставить подходы к трактовке субинститутов признания гражданином в России и обладания статусом гражданина в Испании, выявить в них общее и частное. Приведены взгляды отечественных и зарубежных исследователей на природу и характерные черты указанных субинститутов гражданства.Результаты. На основании проведённого сравнительного анализа российского субинститута признания гражданином РФ и испанского субинститута обладания статусом испанского гражданина автор приходит к выводу о необходимости дополнить норму о признании гражданином РФ конкретными предложениями.Теоретическая и/или практическая значимость. На основе испанского опыта правовой регламентации вопросов гражданства скорректирована классификация способов получения российского гражданства, а также сформированы выводы о природе субинститута признания гражданином РФ и предложения по его совершенствованию.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Aim. To analyze the Spanish experience in regulating the sub-institute of status to improve the domestic institution of citizenship, in particular its sub-institute of recognition as a citizen of the Russian Federation.Methodology. The key research method was the formal legal method, which allowed the author to analyze the rules on citizenship enshrined in Spanish normative legal acts in the original language. The use of the comparative legal method allowed the author to compare approaches to the interpretation of sub-institutions of recognition as a citizen in Russia and possession of the status of a citizen in Spain, to identify the general and particular in them. The views of domestic and foreign researchers on the nature and characteristic features of these sub-institutions of citizenship are presented.Results. Based on the comparative analysis of the Russian sub-institute of recognition as a citizen of the Russian Federation and the Spanish sub-institute of possession of the status of a Spanish citizen, the author comes to the conclusion that it is necessary to supplement the norm on recognition as a citizen of the Russian Federation with specific proposals.Research implications. Based on the Spanish experience of legal regulation of citizenship issues, the classification of methods of obtaining Russian citizenship has been adjusted, as well as conclusions have been drawn about the nature of the sub-institute of recognition as a citizen of the Russian Federation and proposals for its improvement.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гражданство</kwd><kwd>признание гражданином РФ</kwd><kwd>обладание статусом испанского гражданина</kwd><kwd>Испания</kwd><kwd>получение гражданства</kwd><kwd>приобретение гражданства</kwd><kwd>предоставление гражданства</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>citizenship</kwd><kwd>recognition as a citizen of the Russian Federation</kwd><kwd>possession of the status of a Spanish citizen</kwd><kwd>Spain</kwd><kwd>obtaining citizenship</kwd><kwd>acquiring citizenship</kwd><kwd>granting citizenship</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Нудненко Л. 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